Power Control and Diversity in Mobile Radio Cellular Systems in the Presence of Ricean Fading and Log-Normal Shadowing

Michele Zorzi, Member, IEEE Abstract— In this paper the performance of a cellular mobile radio system with frequency reuse is evaluated, in terms of outage probability. Deterministic path loss, log-normal shadowing and Ricean fading are accounted for, and the use of diversity and power control is considered in order to enhance the system performance. Both hexagonal and lineal cells are considered. Particular attention is given to the sensitivity of the outage probability to the system parameters, especially those related to the propagation model (fading, shadowing and path loss). It is seen that diversity and power control can improve the system behavior. The performance is sensitive to the fading parameter (i.e., the Rice factor) of the intended user, but is relatively independent of that of the interferers; also, a significant dependence is observed on the shadowing parameter, whereas a limited dependence is seen on the outage threshold and on the channel utilization. Finally, the presence of a dual path loss law degrades the performance, and the outage probability increases as the breakpoint distance gets larger.